Commodore 128 Basic V7 command list

Here is the full list of Basic V7 commands of the Commodore 128, with a simple explanation. This is a simple compendium to remember all the commands, instructions and functions, when you already know how to use them! The BASIC V7 of the Commodore 128 has many more controls than that of the Commodore 64.

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On the website www.valoroso.it and on the ValorosoIT YouTube channel, I am publishing several episodes to learn how to program in Basic, with the Comodore 64, Commodore 128, GwBasic, QuickBasic, QB64, Atari, etc...

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4 Comments

Verification

16 March 2023 at 12:31

I am really impressed with your blog.
Anyway keep up the exellent quality writing!
Amedeo Valoroso

17 March 2023 at 15:20

Many thanks!
Daniel Bempprad

15 November 2023 at 09:09

Good morning.I saw everything very interesting.. I'm Daniele Bemporad from FLORENCE. I've been using an EXECUTIVE 64 for many years....I turned it on to see if it works.. The screen is fine but the internal floppy disk drive seems to me not to be okay. I'm a young man born in 1948..when computers were a dream.. So you'll understand my problem. I'd like to make it work again.. he tells me. Disk error.. I've tried a new record to realign the cartridge but it doesn't find anything.. CAN YOU TELL ME HOW TO DO IT? THANK YOU.. I don't have a website.
Amedeo Valoroso

16 November 2023 at 09:08

Good morning! To access the SX-64 drive you have to disassemble the entire computer and it's not easy. If you contact me here, I will leave you the name of a repairer: https://www.valoroso.it/contatta-amedeo-valoroso/

Instruction	Description	Type
ABS	Returns the absolute value of a number	Function, numerical
AND	Returns true if both conditions are true	Operator, logical
APPEND	Opens the file having the specified filename, and positions the pointer at the end of the file	Instruction/command
ASC	Returns the numerical value of a char	Function, numerical
ATN	Returns the arctangent of a number	Function, numerical
AUTO	Turns on automatic line numbering when writing a program	Command
BACKUP	Copies an entire diskette to another on a dual drive system	Instruction/command
BANK	Specifies the bank number and corresponding memory configuration for the Commodore 128 memory	Instruction/command
BEGIN	Allows a conditional statement like IF… THEN:ELSE so that you can include several program lines between the start (BEGIN) and end (BEND) of the structure.	Instruction/command
BEND	Allows a conditional statement like IF… THEN:ELSE so that you can include several program lines between the start (BEGIN) and end (BEND) of the structure.	Instruction/command
BLOAD	Loads a binary file starting at the specified memory location	Instruction/command
BOOT	Loads and runs a program which was saved as a binary file	Instruction/command
BOX	Draws a box, parallelogram or rectangle at specified position on screen	Instruction/command
BSAVE	Saves a memory address range to a binary file	Instruction/command

BUMP	Returns sprite collision information	Function, numerical
CATALOG	Displays the disk directory	Instruction/command
CHAR	Positions the text cursor and displays characters on the bitmap screen	Instruction/command
CHR$	Returns the character corresponding to the number	Function, string
CIRCLE	Draws a circle, ellipse or a regular polygon on the bitmap screen	Instruction/command
CLOSE	Closes a file	Instruction/command
CLR	Deletes variables arrays, data, ...	Instruction/command
CMD	Changes the data output to other peripheral	Instruction/command
COLLECT	Checks and repairs the file system of a disk, frees inaccessible disk space	Instruction/command
COLLISION	Defines handling for sprite collision interrupt	Instruction/command
COLOR	Selects colors for screen border, foreground, background and characters	Instruction/command
CONCAT	Concatenates two data files	Instruction/command
CONT	Resumes execution of a BASIC program	Command
COPY	Copies files from one drive to another in a dual disk drive or within a single drive	Instruction/command
COS	Returns the cosine of an angle (rad)	Function, numerical

DATA	Stores constant information in the program code	Instruction/command
DCLEAR	Closes and clears all open channels on the specified device number	Instruction/command
DCLOSE	Closes disk file	Instruction/command
DEC	Returns the decimal value of a number specified as hexadecimal	Function, numerical
DEF FN	Defines a user-defined function	Instruction
DELETE	Deletes lines of a BASIC program in the specified range	Command
DIM	Allocates space in array memory for a new array	Instruction/command
DIRECTORY	Displays the contents of the disk directory on the screen	Instruction/command
DLOAD	Loads a BASIC program from disk	Instruction/command
DO	Progam loop start (DO/LOOP/WHILE/UNTIL/EXIT)	Instruction/command
BAPTISM	Opens a disk file for a read and/or write operation	Instruction/command
DRAW	Displays lines and points on the bitmap screen	Instruction/command
DS	Gets the numeric code from the current diskStatus_string	Reserved variable
DS$	Gets the most recent error/status code from a disk device	Reserved variable
DSAVE	Saves a BASIC program to a disk file	Instruction/command

DVERIFY	Verifies the program in memory against the one on disk	Instruction/command
HE	Returns the line number of the most recent error	Reserved variable
ELSE	Tests a condition IF … THEN … ELSE (if not true)	Instruction/command, special
END	Ends the processing of the current program	Instruction/command
ENVELOPE	Defines a musical instrument envelope	Instruction/command
IS	Returns the most recent error number	Reserved variable
ERR$	Returns the error message corresponding to an error number	Reserved variable
EXIT	Progam loop escape (DO/LOOP/WHILE/UNTIL/EXIT)	Instruction/command, special
EXP	“e” with the power given by the argument	Function, numerical
FAST	Puts machine in 2 Mhz mode of operation	Instruction/command
FETCH	Gets data from expansion (RAM module) memory	Instruction/command
FILTER	Defines sound (SID chip) filter parameters	Instruction/command
FN	Executes a function defined by DEF FN	Function, numerical, special
FOR	Program loop start (FOR … TO … STEP … NEXT)	Instruction/command
FRE	Returns the number of unused bytes of BASIC RAM	Function, numerical, special

GET	Reads one or more chars from the keyboard	Instruction
GET#	Reads single characters from the specified device	Instruction/command, special
GETKEY	Receives input data from the keyboard, one character at a time	Instruction
GO TO	Jumps to a line number	Instruction/command
GO64	Switches to C64 (Commodore 64) mode	Instruction/command
GOSUB	Jumps to a subroutine … RETURN	Instruction/command
GOTO	Jumps to a line number	Instruction/command
GRAPHIC	Selects a screen display (text, bitmap or split-screen bitmap)	Instruction/command
GSHAPE	Retrieves the text-string variable stored by SSHAPE	Function, string
HEADER	Formats a diskette	Instruction/command
HELP	Highlights the line where the error occurred	Instruction/command
HEX$	Returns a string containing a hexadecimal represention of a given number	Function, string
IF	Tests a condition IF … THEN … ELSE or IF … GOTO	Instruction/command
INPUT	Reads data from the keyboard	Instruction
INPUT#	Reads data from a file stored on peripheral device	Instruction

INSTR	Finds the location of a substring in a string	Function, numerical
INT	Rounds a number	Function, numerical
JOY	Returns a value indicating the state of a joystick	Function, numerical
KEY	Lists or redefines the string assigned to a function key	Instruction/command
LEFT$	Left chars of a string	Function, string
LEN	Returns the number of characters in a string	Function, numerical
LET	Assigns values in a variable	Instruction/command
LIST	Displays the BASIC program in memory	Instruction/command
LOAD	Loads a program	Instruction/command
LOCATE	Positions the bitmap pixel cursor on the screen	Instruction/command
LOG	Natural logarithm with the basis e	Function, numerical
LOOP	Progam loop end (DO/LOOP/WHILE/UNTIL/EXIT)	Instruction/command, special
MID$	Inner chars of a string	Function, string
MONITOR	Enters the Commodore 128 machine language monitor	Command
MOVSPR	Positions or moves sprites on screen	Instruction/command

NEW	Clears RAM and program	Instruction/command
NEXT	Program loop end (FOR … TO … STEP … NEXT)	Instruction/command
NOT	Reverses true to false	Operator, logical
ON	Contruct ON … GOTO, ON … GOSUB	Instruction/command
OPEN	Opens a file or a channel	Instruction/command
OR	Returns true if one or both conditions are true	Operator, logical
PAINT	Fills area on the bitmap screen with color	Instruction/command
PEEK	Returns the memory content	Function, numerical
PEN	Returns a value about the latched state of a light pen or light gun	Function, numerical
PLAY	Defines and plays musical notes and elements	Instruction/command
POINTER	Finds the address in RAM where a variable is stored	Function, numerical
POKE	Changes the content of any memory address	Instruction/command
POS	Determines the actual position of the cursor	Function, numerical, special
POT	Return a value indicating the state of a paddle	Function, numerical
PRINT	Prints data to the current output device	Instruction/command

PRINT USING	Prints an expression with a specific format	Instruction/command
PRINT#	Stores data in a file	Instruction/command
PUDEF	Redefines symbols in PRINT USING statements	Instruction/command
RCLR	Returns the color assigned to a graphic screen element	Function, numerical
RDOT	Returns information about the pixel cursor	Function, numerical
READ	Reads constant values from DATA	Instruction
RECORD	Positions relative file pointers	Instruction/command
REM	Comments	Instruction/command
RENAME	Changes the name of a file on disk	Instruction/command
RENUMBER	Renumber lines of a BASIC program	Command
RESTORE	Clears the pointer of the next DATA value	Instruction/command
RESUME	Defines where the program will continue after an error has been trapped	Instruction/command
RETURN	Finishes a subroutine: GOSUB … RETURN	Instruction/command
RGR	Returns a value indicating the current graphic mode	Function, numerical
RIGHT$	Right chars of a string	Function, string

RND	Generates a random floating point number	Function, numerical
REG	After a SYS command, reads the contents of the accumulator AC, X register XR, Y register YR and Status register SR	Instruction/command
RSPCOLOR	Returns one of the colors shared by all multi-color sprites	Function, numerical
RSPPOS	Returns information about the position and movement of a sprite	Function, numerical
RSPRITE	Returns information about a sprite	Function, numerical
RUN	Starts a program	Instruction/command
RWINDOW	Returns information about the active text window	Function, numerical
SAVE	Saves a program	Instruction/command
SCALE	Sets the relative size of the images on the bitmap screen	Instruction/command
SCNCLR	Clears the screen	Instruction/command
SCRATCH	Deletes a file from the disk directory	Instruction/command
SGN	Returns the sign of a number (-1, 0, 1)	Function, numerical
SIN	Returns the sine of an angle (rad)	Function, numerical
SLEEP	Delays program for a specific period of time (seconds)	Instruction/command
SLOW	Returns the Commodore 128 to 1 Mhz operation	Instruction/command

SOUND	Outputs sound effects and musical notes	Instruction/command
SPC(	Sets a number of spaces into a PRINT output	Function, string
SPRCOLOR	Sets multicolor 1 and/or multicolor 2 colors for all sprites	Instruction/command
SPRDEF	Enters sprite definition mode to edit sprites	Instruction/command
SPRITE	Enables, colors, sets sprite screen priorities, and expands a sprite	Instruction/command
SPREAD	Copies a sprite data from a text string variable into a sprite storage area or vice versa	Instruction/command
SQR	Calculates square root of a number	Function, numerical
SSHAPE	Saves a a shape (a rectangular region of the bitmap screen) to a string variable	Instruction/command
ST	Gets I/O status byte	Reserved variable
STASH	Moves contents of system memory to expansion RAM	Instruction/command
STEP	Program loop increment/decrement (FOR … TO … STEP … NEXT)	Instruction/command, special
STOP	Breaks a program	Instruction/command
STR$	Converts numerical values or variables into a string	Function, string
SWAP	Swaps contents of system RAM with contents of expansion RAM	Instruction/command
SYS	Calls an assembly language subroutine	Instruction/command

TAB(	Sets the cursor column into a PRINT output	Function, string
TAN	Returns the tangent for a given angle (rad)	Function, numerical
TEMPO	Defines the speed of the song being played	Instruction/command
THEN	Tests a condition IF … THEN … ELSE (if true)	Instruction/command, special
OF	Gets the system time (seconds/60)	Reserved variable
TI$	Gets or Sets the system time (HHMMSS)	Reserved variable
TO	Program loop target (FOR … TO … STEP … NEXT)	Instruction/command, special
TRAP	Detects and handles program errors while a BASIC program is running	Instruction
TROF	Turns off error tracing mode, while debugging	Instruction/command
TRON	Turns on error tracing mode, while debugging	Instruction/command
UNTIL	Progam loop condition (DO/LOOP/WHILE/UNTIL/EXIT)	Instruction/command, special
USING	See PRINT USING	Instruction/command, special
USR	Calls an assembly language subroutine with argument	Function, numerical/string
VAL	Returns the numerical value of a string	Function, numerical
VERIFY	Verifies a saved program	Instruction/command

VOL	Defines output level of sound	Instruction/command
WAIT	Waits for a memory location to assume specific values	Instruction/command
WHILE	Progam loop condition (DO/LOOP/WHILE/UNTIL/EXIT)	Instruction/command, special
WIDTH	Sets the width of drawn lines	Instruction/command
WINDOW	Defines a text window within the 40 or 80 column text	Instruction/command
XOR	Evaluates a bit-wise boolean operation	Operator, logical
+	Sum	Operator, numerical/string
–	Subtraction	Operator, numerical
*	Multiplication	Operator, numerical
/	Division	Operator, numerical
^	Exponent	Operator, numerical
>	Greater	Operator, logical
=	Equal	Operator, logical
<	Less	Operator, logical
π (pi)	3.1415926…	Function, numerical, special

Commodore 128 Basic V7 Command List

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